"for writing that upholds the fragile experience of the individual against the barbaric arbitrariness of history"

Biography:

Born into a modest Jewish family (his father is a timber merchant and his mother used small), it is deported to Auschwitz in 1944 at age 15, then transferred to Buchenwald. This marks the painful experience deeply and nourished all his work.

Revenue in Hungary in 1945, he finds himself alone, all members of his family have disappeared. In 1948 he started working as a journalist. But his newspaper in 1951 became the official organ of the Communist Party, and Kertész is dismissed. It then works some time in a factory, then to the press service of the Ministry of Industry.

"who in innumerable guises portrays the surprising involvement of the outsider"

Biography:

John Maxwell Coetzee (* Cape Town [Western Cape Province, South Africa], February 9, 1940) is a writer born in South Africa and Australian citizen, a country where he currently resides. On December 10, 2003 (announced on October 2) was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature, thus becoming the fourth African who receives it.

"for her musical flow of voices and counter-voices in novels and plays that with extraordinary linguistic zeal reveal the absurdity of society's clichés and their subjugating power"

Biography:

Elfriede Jelinek, born October 20 1946 in Mürzzuschlag, Styria, is an Austrian writer. She received the Nobel Prize in Literature 2004, with justification, "for her musical flow of voices and dissenting votes in novels and plays that with extraordinary linguistic passion baring the social cliché of the absurdity and compelling power."

Jelinek studied art history, theater and Music in Vienna. She has published poems, novels, dramas and radio play, and wrote the scenario for a film version of the novel Malina, 1991 by Ingeborg Bachmann.

"who in his plays uncovers the precipice under everyday prattle and forces entry into oppression's closed rooms"

Biography:

Harold Pinter grew up in working class district of Hackney in London as the son of Hyman (Jack) Pinter, a jew DRESSMAKER, and Frances, who was a housewife. Ancestors came from Poland and Odessa, and had immigrated to England at the turn of the century. In Hackney, there were few other Jews, which Pinter says created a gap that characterizes his works. The Second World War and the anti-Semitic sentiment that existed were also contributory factors to this feeling. He went in Grocers' Academy School and received a scholarship so he could study at the London Royal Academy of Dramatic Arts, which he jumped from. In 1950 he published poems under the pseudonym Harold Pinter and was a part-time actor in a radio broadcast on the BBC. He graduated at the Central School of Speech and Drama.