"for his realistic and imaginative writings, combining as they do sympathetic humour and keen social perception"

Biography:

He was born in California, Salinas. Senior John Steinbeck, his father is treasurer and his mother, Olive Steinbeck, is a teacher. He has three sisters: Elizabeth (1894-1992), Esther (1892-1986) and Mary (1905-1965). He studied at the school in Salinas, then at Stanford University. He held various jobs, then abandoned his studies and went to New York in 1925. He worked briefly in New York American, but returned to Salinas from 1926.

"for his eminent lyrical writing, inspired by a deep feeling for the Hellenic world of culture"

Biography:

Seferis one of the most important poets and essayists modern Greek language. He was named after the then by the Greek Church still used the Julian calendar, 29 February and according to modern accounting, 13 March 1900 was born in Smyrna, now Izmir Turkish. Stylianos Seferiadis His father was a lawyer, wrote poems and translated ancient and foreign poets. His mother said Despo (short form of Despoina; Tenekidi born), his two younger siblings Ioanna (1902-2000, she married the late Greek President Constantine Tsatsos) and Angelos (1905-1950).

"for his work which, rich in ideas and filled with the spirit of freedom and the quest for truth, has exerted a far-reaching influence on our age"

Biography:

Childhood and school:

Sartre was in Paris as the son of the naval officer, Jean-Baptiste Sartre (1874-1906) was born. The father has died 15 months after his birth on yellow fever, a tropical disease. His mother, Anne-Marie (1882-1969), born Schweitzer, the German-väterlicherseits alsatian descent and a cousin, Albert Schweitzer was a young widow moved back to their parents. There is growing Sartre under the influence of his grandfather Charles Schweitzer on. The high school professor (agrégé) for the German specialist advised his grandchildren at home. Thus Sartre began very early to read (also in German). He already as a boy suffered a lens opacity in the right eye, which gradually went blind and wandered outside, so that with time he increasingly squinted. Until the age of 10 years, he had little social contact outside his family, in which he was the only child and stayed. Except he was taught by his grandfather by changing private teachers until he was 10-year-old high school at the prestigious Lycée Henri IV came. With nearly sixty will Sartre these childhood in Les mots (The words) describe.

"for the artistic power and integrity with which, in his epic of the Don, he has given expression to a historic phase in the life of the Russian people"

Biography:

First years:

Mikhail Sholokhov was born in the village of Kroujlinine near Vechenskaïa in the Don region in 1905. His father was a small peasant Russian-born and her mother is of Ukrainian origin, and illiterate widow of a Cossack. It must interrupt his studies in 1918 because of civil war that reached the region of Don. He joined the Red Army and participated in combat against the latest band of supporters of the White Army. This experience will have a great influence on his literary work.